We'll spend today doing our review activity. We'll get started right away so that we can get through this all.
UNIT 5:Â Â Absolutism to Revolution (1500 - 1900)
Chapter 21:Â Â Absolute Monarchs in Europe (1500 - 1800)
UNIT 5:Â Â Absolutism to Revolution (1500 - 1900)
Chapter 21:Â Â Absolute Monarchs in Europe (1500 - 1800)
1Â Â Spain's Empire and European Absolutism
2Â Â The Reign of Louis XIV
3Â Â Central European Monarchs Clash
4Â Â Absolute Rulers of Russia
5Â Â Parliament Limits the English Monarchy
Chapter 22:Â Â Enlightenment and Revolution (1550 - 1789)
1Â Â The Scientific Revolution
2Â Â The Enlightenment in Europe
3Â Â The Enlightenment Spreads
4Â Â The American Revolution
Chapter 23:Â Â The French Revolution and Napoleon (1789 - 1815)
1Â Â The French Revolution Begins
2Â Â Revolution Begins Reform and Terror
3Â Â Napoleon Forges an Empire
4Â Â Napoleon's Empire Collapses
5Â Â The Congress of Vienna
Chapter 24:Â Â Nationalist Revolutions Sweep the West (1789 - 1900)
1Â Â Latin American Peoples Win Independence
2Â Â Europe Faces Revolution
3Â Â Nationalism
4Â Â Revolutions in the Arts
HOMEWORK for next session - Monday, September 22nd
Remember that your Current Events are now due no later than class time on Monday, September 22nd. You can either email them as an attachment or print them out. You can download a template on Lesson #15. There's more information on that lesson, and you can find an explanation of the world history themes on this page.
We'll have the Unit #5 Exam on Monday and Tuesday. Monday will be the Identifications and Essay. On Tuesday, we'll have the Objective Exam. That will consist of multiple choice questions and some document-based questions. You can find the essay questions and possible identifications here.
The Congress of Vienna
Chapter 23.5
Pages 672-675
TERMS
Congress of Vienna: A series of meetings in Vienna 1814-1815 with the goal of establishing a new European order: stability and security for the entire continent.
Klemens von Metternich: Foreign Minister from Austria, a prince, played a big part in the negotiation in Vienna. He had three main goals:
1. Prevent further French aggression by surrounding France with strong countries
2. Restore a balance of power to Europe
3. Restore Europe’s ruling families to the positions they held before Napoleon
Balance of Power: No country could be a threat to another.
Legitimacy: agreeing that as many as possible rulers who Napoleon had driven from their thrones be restored to power.
Holy Alliance: Late 1825, Czar Alexander I, Emperor Francis I of Austria and King Frederick William III of Prussia signed an agreement to base their relations with other countries on Christian principles in order to avoid revolution.
Concert of Europe: Ensured that nations would help one another if any revolutions broke out.
EFFECTS
• Over all, victory for the conservatives
• Britain and France now have constitutional monarchies.
• Lower classes still committed to revolutionary ideals, which would lead to much of the unrest and revolutions of the early 1800’s.
• Creoles in Americas revolted when Napoleon removed the Spanish king from his throne, when the Congress reinstated him the peninsulares could not take back their colonies. Portugal also declared its independence.
• Nationalism began to spread to countries that had gotten the short end of the stick.
• More people saw democracy as the best way to ensure equality and justice for all.
REMEMBER
1. Klemens von Metternich: Austrian prince who was very influential at Congress
2. Balance of Powers restored in Europe
3. Victory for conservatives, monarchs returned to their thrones
4. Nationalism begins to spread to areas like Greece
Nationalism
Nationalism is the belief that people's greatest loyalty should not be to a king or an empire but to a nation of people who share a common culture and history. The majority of people who believed in nationalism were liberals and radicals who led the struggle to form new nation-states. Nationalism can be the joining of many different single states into a single nation-state or an ethnic group that wants to split away and establish self-rule. Nationalism caused many countries to gain independence, such as greece, Hungary, and italy. Nationalist thoughts also broke up the rule of Russia and the Ottoman empire. Nationalsism was also behind the forming of Germany.