- member of the First Estate
- member of the Second Estate
- member of the Third Estate
- Jean-Jacques Rousseau
- King Louis XVI
- Marie Antoinette
- Parisian woman rioting over bread prices
- radical member of Legislative Assembly
- moderate member of Legislative Assembly
- conservative member of Legislative Assembly
- Jean-Paul Marat
- Charlotte Corday
- Jacobin
- Georges Danton
- Maximilien Robespierre
- Napoleon Bonaparte
The Political Spectrum - From Left to Right and In-Between Remember that the terms "left" and "right" to describe political views dates back to factions that sat together in the Legislative Assembly hall. Then, the "radicals" sat on the left, a term used today for those who typically are more in favor of change, the liberals. On the right were the "conservatives," the term we still use today for those more likely to want fewer changes. In the center were the moderates.
Let's
take a minute to see where you fall. First, I'll show you a political
spectrum and invite you to guess where you will end up. Then, you can
take a quiz and see where your answers place you. There are many
versions on-line, but we'll take the "World's Smallest Political Quiz."
(Note that the survey is hosted on a libertarian political site. The
survey itself, however, is developed to be non-partisan and has been
taken more than 11 million times. If you want to read a lot more about
the methodology of the survey, go to their Frequently Asked Questions.) We'll walk through the questions together to make sure everyone understands them.
Napoleon: PBS Video - I've mentioned it before, but PBS really does an excellent job with their websites that accompany shows they produce. Here are some of the features from their series on Napoleon that you should check out.
Napoleon's Russia Campaign: As you read, Napoleon's invasion of Russia was perhaps his greatest military error. It took a tremendous toll, both actual and psychological, on his Grand Army. Fewer than 1 in 40 soldiers returned to France. The Russians, of course, also suffered great damage, both from the French forces and their own strategy of scorching the earth.
We're going to take a look at the invasion by considering a single "information graphic," or chart, produced by Charles Minard in 1869. Edward Tufte of Yale University, perhaps the world's expert in information design, considers it "the best statistical graphic ever drawn."
Image of Napoleon's Russia Campaign: Yes, this is in French. However, you should still be able to figure some things out from looking at this version.
Here's Tufte's description of what is happening.
"Beginning at the left on the Polish-Russian border near the Niemen River, the thick band shows the size of the army (422,000 men) as it invaded Russia in June 1812. The width of the band indicates the size of the army at each place on the map. In September, the army reached Moscow, which was by then sacked and deserted, with 100,000 men. The path of Napoleon's retreat from Moscow is depicted by the darker, lower band, which is linked to a temperature scale and dates at the bottom of the chart. It was a bitterly cold winter, and many froze on the march out of Russia. As the graphic shows, the crossing of the Berezina River was a disaster, and the army finally struggled back into Poland with only 10,000 men remaining. Also shown are the movements of auxiliary troops, as they sought to protect the rear and the flank of the advancing army. Minard's graphic tells a rich, coherent story with its multivariate data, far more enlightening than just a single number bouncing along over time. Six variables are plotted: the size of the army, its location on a two-dimensional surface, direction of the army's movement, and temperature on various dates during the retreat from Moscow" (p. 40).
Here are some "revisions" done to the graphic to try and show additional information or to clarify the information already there.
- An English version with temperature clarified
- Clarification of place names
- Animated GIF image - repeats 10 times
- Animated GIF placed over a map of Russia
Napoleon in Acrostic: An acrostic is a poem or other writing where the first letters of each line (or paragraph, etc. in some cases) spell out another message. For example:
Raising two young sons
Your job: As you've probably guessed, you'll do one for Napoleon Bonaparte. Here's the wrinkle. "Napoleon" should all be about his background and/or rise to power. "Bonaparte" should all be about his decline and fall from power and/or his historical impact. You should post your acrostic as a comment on this entry.
HOMEWORK for next session - Monday, November 23rd
Please begin your reading in Chapter 24, "Nationalist Revolutions Sweep the West," with Section 1, "Latin American Peoples Win Independence." (pp. 681 - 686)
Your Napoleon Bonaparte acrostic should be posted before class time on Tuesday. Post as a comment to this entry.
We're still looking at the Unit #5 Exam the week after Thanksgiving. I'll have more information about the format by Monday's class.
Not afraid to keep the royalists in line
Always willing to take action
Pretending to be the chosen leader
Order in the economy because of him
Lycées established, ended corruption
Europe mostly conquered by him
American territories sold in Louisiana Purchase
Napoleonic Code was his greatest accomplishment
Blockade system didn't work
Other countries turning against France
Number of soldiers greatly diminishing in Russia
Alexander destroying Moscow
Powers of Europe at war with France
Allied armies march through the French capital
Regain of power failed - troops defeated
Taken to St. Helena, died of a stomach ailment
End of Napoleon's reign - millions of lives lost
N: New Hero of France in 1795
A: Appointed Director of victorious army
P: Pursued Coup D’état and became a consul
O: Operated a schooling system, recognized the power of the church and…
L: Law of Napoleon (Napoleonic Code) A Uniform Set of rules were established
E: Emperor in 1804
O: Openly directed most of Europe (Master of Europe)
N: Near perfect victory record
B: Blockade system led Nap.’s Relatives to sink to smuggling goods
O: Omitted the Spanish King from Spain’s courts, sparking the Peninsular War
N: Nearly put to death his whole army of 400,000 soldiers in Russia
A: Acted without complete justification, leading to critical errors
P: Power-obsessive and over-confidence were his vice-like characteristics
A: Awful army of untrained soldiers was the only defense Napoleon had left
R: Ragged-soldiers of Napoleon were defeated easily by the Russians, Brits etc.
T: The desire of complete European domination undid his Empire
E: Exiled to St. Helena and lived alone until his death.
Not very tall
Artillery master
Passionate and proud
Orderly
Lycées
Emperor of France
Over achiever
Napoleonic Code
Blockade-fail
Outnumbered
Noticeably weak
Arrogant
Pension
April 1814
Reluctant
Tired troops
Exiled
-Susie
Noble
Amazing
olite
Optimistic
Likeable
Elegant
Owning (France)
Nice
B***ard
Obstinate
Naughty
Antagonistic
Provocative
Arrogant
Raging
Threatening
Evil
New in the army
Ambitious
Pompous
Omnipotent
Little stature
Emperor
Omega
Napoleonic code
Blockade
Odd
No victory
Assembled an army
Peasant anger
Apposed Briton
Ripped of power
Terrible loss
Ego
Napoleon
Not tall, 5 foot 3 inches
Amazing mind, when comes to military
Placed himself as Emperor
One person that was the hero of the hour
Large part of Europe was under his control
Empire had grown greatly under his control
Order was not res
Napoleonic Code
Blockade was put in place
One mistake he made was sending and invasion to remove the spanish kid
Napoleon returned with only 10,00 soldiers in the Grand Army
Austria declared war as well, despite the marriage to Marie Louise
Peninsular War Napoleon lost 300,000 men
A Hundred Days defeat ended Napoleons last bid of power
Revolution's lands reform was suspected to be undone
Thought to have been a military genius but was on his down fal
Established new order after Napoleons defeat in Europe
N ifty
A rchitect of Modern Warfare
P etite
O verawed
L ittle
E ffectual
O bliged
N ot poor
B old
O verruling
N ot much to look at
A dapt
P uny
A ccomplished
R esourceful
T abulated
E xpert
Napoleonic code
Artillery
Powerful military leader
Overthrew Directory
Lieutenant
Emperor
Organized concordat with Pope
Native to Corsica
Battle of Trafalger strengthened Britain
Only 10,000 soldiers returned from Russia
None of his allies followed the blockade
Alexander I defeated him in Russia
Peninsular War
Approval of his second wife was very low
Reign lasted 20 years
Three hundred thousand men killed in Peninsular War
Escaped from Elba
Never without a fight
A hero of paris
Perfect gentlemen
Outrageously courageous
Lover of wars and battles
Extravagant efforts to crush Britain
Often pleased with his soldiers
Napoleonic code
Blockade against Britain
Over usage of his soldiers
New enemies to crush
Attacked and outraged Portugal
Peninsula war cost napoleon
Armed countries defend each other
Retreat and war against Russia
Too many costly mistakes
Exiled twice to ELba and St Helena
Nepotistic-Gave thrones to his family
Advanced Mind-Military Genius
Put himself in power
Ordered many changes in France
Legislative members driven out of office by him
Education was a priority for him
Only lost one major battle
Napoleonic Code-something he was most proud of
Britain hater- created blockades against them
Overly protective of his allies trades with Britain
Napoleon lost many soldiers
Aided by the British, the Blockades failed
Peninsula war weakened the French
A habit of losing battles
Russia defeated him
The Hundred Days stopped his power
End of Napoleon's era
National legislature
Ambitious
Plebiscite
Order
Lycees
Ecole Militaire
Ottoman empire
Napoleonic Code
Battle of Austerlitz
Order
Notre Dame Cathedral
Aspiring
Peace treaties
Artillery
Russia
toussaint L'Ouverture
Egypt
Noble
And
Proud, he
Observed things he would have liked to change.
Little did the French know he would be their
Emperor and bring them through their revolution, more
Omnipotent than before.
Now they were on a rise.
But he soon became power hungry.
Once he even tried to take Russia in the winter. It was
No use. The Russians
Attacked his weary soldiers. He was
Paranoid.
After attempting to
Reduce British trade,
They stopped his rain of terror and
Exiled him to a tiny island.
New in the army
Ambitious
Pompous
Omnipotent
Little stature
Emperor
Omega
Napoleonic code
Blockade
Odd
No victory
Assembled an army
Peasant anger
Apposed Briton
Ripped of power
Terrible loss
Ego
Nepotistic
Authoritarian
Political acumen, extraordinary
Overly intellectual
Liberator
Exterminator of the Old Regime
Orderly
Napoleonic wars
Britain never submitted
Over spending
Napoleonic france, invasion
Armée grande
Peninsular war
Artillery
Russia
Toussaint L'Ouverture
Egypt